How to Get Advantages of TypeScript in JavaScript
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You are aware of the benefits TypeScript offers, like type safety and protection against possible flaws. However, you may be surprised to learn that, even without writing TypeScript code, you may achieve a great deal of the same tasks with JavaScript as with TypeScript.
Your IDE will make better recommendations if you provide TypeScript with as much information as possible so that it can better comprehend your JavaScript. TypeScript may identify unexpected behavior in JavaScript code by inferring types across a codebase, which can aid in the early detection of problems.
Setting up your editor to utilize TypeScript to analyze the JavaScript you're writing is the simplest method to take use of extra insights from the language.
You may also enable TypeScript verification for all JavaScript in VS Code without having to modify the source code. Simply navigate to the settings and look for Check JS. You can enable this setting (JS/TS Implicit Project Config: Check JS) either for the workspace or for each individual user. TypeScript will be used by VS Code to type-check all of the project's open files in the workspace and, at the user level, to check each project as you work on it.
By doing this, you can gain greater insight into your JavaScript and minimize problems without having to add configuration to your application. The best part is that since it is just visible in your editor, it won't damage your construction.
Subsequently, TypeScript can be included straight into your project. Your entire team will thereafter be able to use this tool. You will see later in this post that you do not even need to change a single file type to.ts to begin adding other types.
Installing TypeScript as a dependency in your project is necessary in order to accomplish this. The command npm install typescript --save-dev can be used to accomplish this. Make a file called tsconfig.json next. Enter and execute npx tsc --init. Next, launch the recently created tsconfig.json file. When you create a new TypeScript project, the default settings are fine; but, to manage a JavaScript project, you will need to modify a few settings. Change this in your tsconfig.json file:
To allow JavaScript to be included in a TypeScript application, make sure to include allowJS and checkJS. Then, type-check JavaScript files. Enabling Check JS in your VS Code preferences is the same as enabling the checkJS setting. Important note: TypeScript checking in other editors is enabled by having a tsconfig.json file with these parameters, which overrides the VS Code settings.
This includes the setting noEmit because, for the time being, all we want to do is type-check the JavaScript. The TypeScript compiler will just report on the JavaScript it reads; it won't attempt to produce any output. Furthermore, Strict is set to false because it is difficult to get JavaScript code to follow TypeScript's strict mode in other cases.
Lastly, give your package a script.To use the type checker, use json as shown below:
You can now see the outcomes by running npm run type-check.
TypeScript will treat imports from packages as any type (its catch-all type) if the types are not installed. It does not provide you with any further information about the objects you are utilizing, only allowing the program to build. TypeScript then comes into play when you add or define types for these packages, assisting with autocomplete and highlighting possible problems. Installing the types for your dependencies is something I'd advise doing as you work on the source code sections that utilize them.
Then, you may discover that TypeScript is highlighting certain mistakes in your code. That is just what we desire.
Any problem that TypeScript has now identified in your application could be a runtime bug. These mistakes are visible whether you run the type-check script or in your editor. Resolving these issues will increase your application's dependability. Since TypeScript is now a part of your project, problems like this shouldn't go unnoticed.
You might want to incorporate the check into your build process after the type-checking procedure has completed successfully. This guarantees that, for a JavaScript project, your codebase remains as type-safe as possible.
The testing and build methodology you now use will determine how you accomplish this. Including type-checking in your test suite is one way to go about it.
As we've covered, you can still profit from TypeScript without migrating your JavaScript project to it—you can simply use the TypeScript compiler. This is how the Webpack and Svelte projects arrange themselves. Examine their TypeScript declaration files for the types, JavaScript files for the code, and source code.
Once you've reached this point, you may want to add extra types to your JavaScript to further increase its security.
Code can be documented using machine-readable comments thanks to JSDoc. TypeScript has adopted it as a means of providing type information in JavaScript files, even though it was first developed to generate API documentation for your code.
JSDoc has even more TypeScript capabilities. The JSDoc TypeScript reference has information on it.
Type definitions can also be written in a declaration file if you believe that writing them in your files' comments is just too much work. These are the.d.ts files that can be found in JavaScript libraries or Definitely Typed. This time, we'll come the closest to authoring TypeScript itself with these declaration files.
For instance, simply create a teamMember.d.ts file and input the following to define a TeamMember type:
Then, you can use the JSDoc import syntax to import that into your JavaScript.
This allows you to retain the expressiveness of the TypeScript system while keeping your type definitions apart from your code. Furthermore, by including type definitions in your libraries, you allow access to the types from other projects as well.
You can save time and effort on your projects now and in the future by utilizing TypeScript in your JavaScript projects to help enhance your code as you go. You'll be able to develop clearer, more deliberate code, which will result in applications that are more dependable and superior.
Developers can find tools, articles, trips, and roadmaps made by the community to assist in making professional decisions and advancing their careers.
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